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Grade 2: In Grade 2 tumors, the tumor cells are slightly abnormal in appearance as well as increased in number. The variations in appearance of these cells is referred to as pleomorphism. There should be no mitotic figures (indications that the cells are dividing) and no necrosis (dead tissue). In general, these tumors are made up of isolated tumor cells within functioning brain tissue. On imaging, studies these lesions show hypodensity on CT and prolongation of T1 and T2. Very rarely do they exhibit contrast enhancement.
Removal of the tumor is, in fact, removal of "sick" brain tissue. Thus, these tumors are only biopsied unless located in unimportant brain tissue - in which case they can be removed. In addition, these lesions (tumors) rarely produce paralysis.
There remains some debate on the place for radiation therapy and chemotherapy in these tumors. However, recent studies have shown that 5 year survival in Grade 2 astrocytomas without treatment is about 34% -- with treatment (radiation therapy): about 70%. Therefore most centers recommend radiation therapy after a Grade 2 astrocytoma is diagnosed by biopsy or some other surgical procedure.
The International Medical Oncology Library , Cancer Library
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Martha's Helping Angels projec
